صحافة بلادي صحيفة إلكترونية مغاربية متجددة على مدار الساعة تعنى بشؤون المغرب الجزائر ليبيا موريتانيا تونس
- 📚 Sustainable sports research reference🌍 Scope: The World and the Maghreb📌 Axis: Arbitration Technology and Football Laws (IFAB) Global football refereeing has ...
- The International Federation of Association Football (FIFA), the IFAB Council, and the artificial intelligence revolution in sports arbitration and semi-automat...
صحافة بلادي — Global football refereeing has entered an unprecedented phase of digital automation thanks to the integration of semi-automated offside technology (SAOT), the smart chip inside the ball, and amendments to the International Football Association Board (IFAB) aimed at reducing wasted time and increasing refereeing transparency to the fans.
1. How do the semi-automated offside technology (SAOT) and the smart sensor inside the ball work?
The semi-automated offside technology relies on an optical system consisting of 12 high-speed tracking cameras installed under the roof of the stadium, monitoring 29 joint points on the body of each player at a rate of 50 times per second, in conjunction with an inertial sensor (IMU Sensor) installed in the center of the ball that sends its signal at a frequency of 500 Hz per second.
This integration allows the precise moment of contact with the ball when passing to be determined within a thousandth of a second, and a 3D animation wall drawn that is displayed on stadium screens and television broadcasts in less than 25 seconds, ending the traditional controversy over drawing manual lines in the VAR room.
2. Facilitated Visual Support System (FVS – Football Video Support) as an economical alternative
FIFA is aware of the high financial cost of the full VAR system for some leagues and age group competitions, the International Federation has developed a visual support system (FVS), which operates with a limited number of cameras (4 to 5 cameras) and gives the coaches of the two teams two challenge cards in each match, similar to the sports of tennis and basketball, and it has been successfully tried in the FIFA youth and women’s tournaments.
3. IFAB Amendments: Voice announcement of the referee and actual time calculation
The IFAB Board, which legislates football laws, approved the circulation of the main referee’s announcement of his decisions via loudspeakers in the stadium after reviewing the VAR screen to explain the legal reasons for the decision, in addition to strictness in counting actual stoppage time and codifying goalkeepers’ handling of the ball to prevent wasting time.
📊 Comparison of arbitration techniques approved by FIFA and the IFAB
| Arbitration technology | Technological mechanism | Average decision making time | Scope of international and regional accreditation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Goal-line technology (GLT) | 14 A high-speed camera or magnetic field sends an alert to the referee’s watch | Less than one second (instant) | The World Cup, the major European leagues, and the CAF Finals |
| Video Assistant Referee (VAR) | A central review room includes a video referee and his assistants across broadcast corners | 60 to 90 seconds | Generalized in the Moroccan, Tunisian, Algerian, Libyan and Mauritanian championships |
| Semi-Automated Stealth (SAOT) | 12 body tracking cameras (29 points on the body) + 500Hz chip on the ball | 20 to 25 seconds | World Cup teams, clubs and the European Champions League |
| Visual Support (FVS Challenge) | Review screen with 4 cameras at the request of the coaches (twice per match) | 30 to 45 seconds | FIFA youth tournaments and medium-budget leagues |
📌 Reference summaries for researchers and followers:
- Morocco was the first country in Africa to implement VAR technology locally since 2019, and it contributed to the formation of arbitration teams for many sister federations.
- (FVS) technology represents a practical and economical solution for generalizing arbitration justice in the amateur divisions and minor category tournaments.
- The referee’s announcement of his decision vocally to the public enhances educational transparency according to the law and reduces congestion in the stands.
ليبيا وموريتانيا
